An Analysis of ‘a Young Man’s Thought’s Before June 16th’ †Fhazel Johennesse Essay

The historical background to the poem is June 16th 1976. This date marks the Soweto Uprising which was initiated in Soweto by black high school students. The students were protesting against being taught in Afrikaans in their local schools. The demonstration was meant to be peaceful and was secretly planned to avoid discovery by the police. On the morning of June the 16th, thousands of youths gathered with the plan to march to Orlando Stadium to hold a rally to air their grievances. However, their intended route was blocked by riot police, and what had started as a peaceful march turned bloody as police used live ammunition on the protesters. Evidence shows that many protesters were shot in the back as they were running away. [Readers Digest Illustrated History of South Africa, (1988: 440) and Wikipedia (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Soweto_uprising)] The journey that the speaker is going to go on in lines 1 – 2 suggests a struggle and an ultimate goal to be reached. The journey has been planned as the speaker refers to ‘tomorrow’ in line 1. He then talks about the road ‘that winds’. This suggests many twists and turns in the journey, which in turn suggests that the journey will not be an easy or straight-forward one. The words ‘top of the hill’ suggest the end of the journey or the ultimate goal. The final goal or destination will only be reached by means of an uphill struggle. The word ‘only’ is used in line 3 – ‘I take with me only the sweet memories of my youth’. The speaker is ready for his journey and takes with him just what is important – his memories. His memories are his only link to the innocence of his youth, and he knows that the following day, his life is going to change forever – he will lose his childlike innocence and have to face an altered world. The words ‘my heart aches for my mother’ could convey various meanings. The first of these could be that the young man wishes that he did not have to face the day ahead but could go back to the familiarity and security being a child. He is assuming adult responsibilities of having to worry about his mother, and does not feel ready for this. The second possibility is that the young man’s mother is dead and he misses her. This argument could be supported by the previous line ‘I take with me only the sweet memories of my youth’ in that his childhood was a happy time in his life. The final image that could be conveyed by these words is that he knows that there is heartache ahead for his mother in that he does not know what is going to happen at the end of the day, but he does not have a positive feeling about it,. The words ‘my heart aches’ could convey that he regrets the heartache that is ahead for his mother. This could be supported by the words ‘sing my sad song sing for me for my sunset is drenched in red ‘. In many cultures, a woman downturns or averts her eyes in the presence of a young man who could be her suitor as a sign of respect. The ‘old man with a broken brow’ could symbolise a full life (‘old’) and many experiences and challenges (‘broken brow’). Therefore, these individuals and their countenances could symbolise that the young man is, not unrealistically, asking for a normal life with a future (‘woman’) and a fully lived life (‘old man’). An alternative interpretation could be that the young woman’s ‘downtrodden eyes’ symbolises sorrow or shame whilst the old man’s ‘broken brow’ symbolises being broken down or downtrodden. In this case, the two individuals could symbolise that the youth wishes that someone understood what he was about to go through and could give him some comfort. The sunset and the colour red symbolises the end of the young man’s life. Sunset is at the end of the day and could also symbolise the end of life. Red is the colour of blood. The young man feels that the end of the day – sunset – will coincide with the violent end (‘drenched in red’) of his life, as emphasised by the words ‘my sunset’. It is also symbolic that the symbolism of the sunset and the colour red occurs in the last line of the poem as it brings the young man’s life to a close. As outlined in Readers Digest Illustrated History of South Africa, (1988: 440) and in the Wikipedia article (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Soweto_uprising), June the 16th 1976 was the catalyst for political change in South Africa to begin. On this date, thousands of black high school students gathered in Soweto with the intention to march to Orlando Stadium to hold a rally to protest against being taught in Afrikaans in their local schools. The march had been secretly planned to avoid discovery by the police. The day ended in bloodshed and an official death toll of 23 when the police opened fire on the youths. Many protesters were shot in the back as they were running away. The poem is written against this background. The strong theme of the poem is the mental preparations the young man is making for the day ahead – ‘tomorrow I travel on a road’. He is unsure of what is going to happen but suspects that it will not end well. He is reflecting on what is going to happen and expecting the worst. There is no punctuation or capitalization used in the poem. The only deviation from this is the use of the capital ‘I’ that is used when the poet is referring to himself. This adds to the emphasis of the young man as the focal point of the poem. The tone of the poem is poignant and sombre which is reiterated by the use of words like ‘memories’, ‘aches’, ‘sad’, and ‘drenched’. The imagery that is used overall reminds one of a funeral procession, not unlike Christ’s crucifixion, as portrayed in the words ‘road that winds to the top of the hill’. This also brings to mind a feeling of impending sacrifice. This image is further reinforced by the words in line 12 ‘o sing my sad song sing for me’, as this could refer to a funeral hymn. The poet has mentally and physically prepared for the journey ahead as he states in line 3 ‘I take with me only the sweet memories of my youth’. He does, however, have some regrets. He regrets the impact the day is going to have on his mother and he wishes he could be with her, as indicated by the words ‘my heart aches for my mother’ (line 5). Historically, the march was planned in secret and the students did not tell their parents [Wikipedia (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Soweto_uprising)], so the young man would not even be able to share his plans with his mother. He also regrets that he will not get to experience a normal life. The words ‘I ask only for a sad song’ in line 8 symbolise this regret. In line 10, the old man’s age and broken brow represent an experienced life well lived. In line 9, the woman represents the partner that the young man will never have. (In many cultures, a woman will avert her eyes in the presence of her suitor). In the young man’s case, he expects that he will have neither – the words ‘I ask only’ indicate an almost pleading expectation that will not be met. In lines 6 & 7, the poet’s ‘heart aches’ for ‘Friday nights with friends around a table with a broad belch of beer’. He regrets the time with his friends that he will not to share. The poem concludes with the young man asking that he be mourned as line 12 states ‘o sing my sad song sing for me’. This is his request that he be mourned, and for a song to be sung at his funeral. He foresees his death when he says ‘for my sunset is drenched in red’. The sunset represents the end of his life – this is emphasised by the word ‘my’ referring to his life – whilst the imagery of ‘drenched in red’ refers to the amount of blood that will be spilt by the time sunset is reached the following day. June the 16th was a tragic day in South African history, and this poem reflects the sadness of the needless loss of life on that day. It was indeed the catalyst for political change in South Africa. It should always be remembered and used to remind ourselves of where we came from, in order to ensure we never go there again.

Euthymol Toothpaste

Abstract: In this marketing report, I will analyse our product which call Euthymol toothpaste. Firstly, I am going to describe the background of Johnson and Johnson, Euthymol toothpaste is distributed by this company. After that, I will talk about how we did the survey about this product. Then I am going to focus on the product and analyse it by using secondary research and survey results, it includes product, price, place and promotion. Finally, I will give some suggestions to this product. Introduction: Euthymol toothpaste was marked by Warner-Lambert, but now it is distributed by Johnson and Johnson. J&J is an American public company.It was founded in 1886, there are three founders, they are Rober Wood Johnson, James Wood Johnson and Edward Mead Johnson. The initiative of this company is to encourage people to live healthy and helping the people who care about health, and it has widest health care product in the world. Euthymol toothpaste is an old brand toothpaste, it has strong taste and bright pink color. Most of the consumers are the older people and people who are in the army. On the other hand, there are many people do not like this toothpaste because its taste too strong or other reasons such as the color and the packaging of this toothpaste. Methodology:In my group, there were three people, Aliyu, Yuko and me. We did the survey of Euthymol toothpaste at Middlesex University, Hendon central and Cricklewood lane on 24 November. We have asked 30 people for answering the questionnaire, but 27 people answered it. There are 16 male respondents and 11female respondents. They came from 7 different countries, such as the UK, Japan, China, Canada and so on. Results and Analysis of Marketing Mix: We have done a survey of Euthymol toothpaste and some research on the internet. Now I am going to analyse Euthymol toothpaste by using the results and information of our secondary research from the internet.It includes product, price, place and promotion. Product: Euth ymol toothpaste is an old brand toothpaste, it was marked by Warner-Lambert, and now it is distributed by J&J. Nowadays, it is not a well know brand of toothpaste. From the results, there are 16 (59%) respondents have never used this toothpaste before, so we decided it is at the point of decline in the product life circle. Euthymol toothpaste has different taste and color between other brands of toothpaste. Most of the toothpastes taste like mints and the color is white.Euthymol toothpaste is one of the strongest tastes of toothpaste and there are no mints in it. Its color is bright pink, it makes this toothpaste special. As results of the survey, we can see that most of the respondents (48%) like the taste and color of this toothpaste, and some respondents do not care about them. Euthymol toothpaste has an old-fashion and elegant packaging, because this packaging, it stands out from others toothpaste. We found that from the results, there are 16 (59%)respondents do not like the pac kaging of this toothpaste and 11 (41%) like the packaging. Euthymol toothpaste has some competitor.As results of the survey, we can see that, Colgate toothpaste and Aquafresh toothpaste are the main competitors, especially Colgate. In the results, there are 12 respondents chosen Colgate toothpaste as their favorite toothpaste. It is about 44% of total respondents. Price: 75 ml of Euthymol toothpaste costs about 2 pounds in pharmacy, supermarket and local store, because it sole in different place, so the prices are slightly different. From the survey results, most of the respondents think this price is average. And there 7 respondents think it is cheap and 8 respondents think it is expensive.As this result, we can see most of the respondents would not consider the price when they buy this toothpaste, because it is cheap. For these reasons, we can found out that Euthymol toothpaste is an economy product. Place: Euthymol toothpaste only sold in the UK, it is not a famous brand of tooth paste. It sold in some of the supermarkets, local stores and pharmacy. There are 72% of the respondents usually buy this toothpaste in Pharmacy. It seems not easy to find it in the supermarkets and local stores. Promotion: Euthymol toothpaste has not much promotion such as advertising, sales promotion and direct mail.From the survey results, we can see that advertising is the main promotion of this toothpaste, because there are 13 (50%) respondents know this toothpaste from advertising. And there are 8 (30%) respondents selected other, it means there are quit a lot of people know this toothpaste in other ways. For example, some people started to know this toothpaste from friends’ recommendation. Conclusion: In conclusion, Most of people are satisfied with the taste and the color of this toothpaste, but there 59% of the respondents are not happy with the packaging of this toothpaste.If the company of Euthymal toothpaste wants to share more market, it has to solve packaging pro blem. In my opinion, the best solution is to invent other Euthymol toothpaste, it has different packaging and effects between the original one, so it can keep the old customers and attract new customers. The company did a good pricing of this toothpaste, because there are 10 people think this price of this toothpaste is average, even there are 8 people think it is cheap. The place and the promotion are the weaknesses of this toothpaste. Most of people think it is hard to find it in supermarket and local store. 2% of the respondents usually buy it in Pharmacy. I suggest that, this toothpaste should be sold in every supermarket, because people like shopping in supermarket. It could be the way to increase sales of this toothpaste. The other problem is the promotion, many people did not know what Euthymol toothpaste it is, Because they cannot see any promotion of this toothpaste now, such as advertising and billboard. The company should do more promotion on this toothpaste such as buy o ne get one free and advertising on TV and so on. It is the best way to let people getting to know Euthymol toothpaste and makes it popular.

External and Internal Environmental Analysis Essay

External and Internal Environmental Analysis - Essay Example Discussed below is the internal and external environmental analysis of Bayou Inn; a hotel in the lodging industry (Nadine & Pahl, 2009). Recommended Vision Statement Success in the hospitality industry can only be achieved if a company models its vision statement to target the customers it intends to provide services (Briggs, 1999). The vision statement must be brief, clear and concise. It must indicate the general direction the hotel aims to head, while capturing the dream of the founders of the company. Therefore, the recommended vision statement must highlight the high regard in which customers are held by the employees, management and shareholders of the hotel (Briggs, 1999). In the case of Bayou Inn, the vision statement can highlight how the business intends to look in a specified duration of time. In such a scenario, the capturing of Bayou Inn’s aspirations occurs. An analysis of vision statements of the biggest hotels in the hospitality industry indicates that these st atements capture the aspirations of their founder; for example, Conrad Hilton’s vision statement for the Hilton chain of luxurious hotels, â€Å"To achieve extraordinary things, you must first dream magnificent dreams† (Briggs, 1999). ... Drucker also emphasizes that the customers rely on the mission statement to figure out the services it provides (Briggs, 1999). Rarely do people look at the statutes, articles or names of an organization to determine the role it plays. Therefore, it is crucial to capture the main goals of the organization in the mission statement. The format of Bayou Inn’s mission statement ought to follow the guidelines used in the determination of objectives (Briggs, 1999). Meaning, the goals stated in the mission statement must be S.M.A.R.T ones. The acronym represents measurable, attainable, specific, realistic and time-bound goals. As a result, Bayou Inn can formulate strategies which will prove viable after the time allocated for their implementation (Briggs, 1999). SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis helps an organization in the identification of the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats (Nadine & Pahl, 2009). As a result, they are able to strategize with the information gathered i n mind. Capitalizing on the opportunities detected, eliminating the weaknesses found, relying on the strengths noted, and avoiding the threats becomes easier for a company (Nadine & Pahl, 2009). The procedure followed when conducting a SWOT analysis involves the analyzing of both the micro and macro environments of a business. The micro environment entails the functions found within an organization whereas the macro environment covers the aspects outside of the organization. The macro environment is further split into the broad and narrow categories (Nadine & Pahl, 2009). Information gathered from a SWOT analysis of the microenvironment reveals the employees’ outlook on the firm’s

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European Parliament Elections 2014 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Comparative analysis on early contacts involving indigenous peoples Essay

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Enzymes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Theme Park Technology Essay Example for Free

Theme Park Technology Essay Introduction New technologies that theme parks utilize or may consider using in the future can help manage crowds, improve child safety, and create thrilling attractions. Theme parks must decide which technologies it should adapt in order to attract the most consumers and increase consumer spending. Innovative technologies improve consumer safety and enhance customer satisfaction. Technologies used in theme parks today include smart phone applications, fast passes or flash passes, RFID tracking systems, 4D attractions, and LED powered wheels. If a theme park considers adapting any of these technologies, it must decide if the technology meets customer needs and if the benefits outweigh the costs. Crowd Control: Theme parks implement measures to control crowds so that certain areas of the parks are not overcrowded while other areas of the park do not have large crowds. 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If parks did not have surveillance cameras, there would need to be a lot more security personal stationed around the park and monitoring the park on foot. Ride Occupancy Theme parks monitor crowd control by ensuring that all seats on rides are filled. If seats are left empty, it takes longer for visitors to get through the lines. Shorter wait times equal happier visitors, and shorter wait times provide visitors with the opportunity to spend more time at restaurants and gift shops which generate more revenue for the parks. FASTPASS ® / Flash Pass FASTPASS ® is a ride scheduling system invented by Disney which allows guests to visit an attraction and receive a ticket to come back to the ride at a later time and not wait in a long line. Attractions that utilize the FASTPASS ® system have the time displayed for when guests can come back without waiting in line. Guests insert their park ticket into the FASTPASS ® machine, and they receive ticket with the time when they can come back to the attraction and not wait in a long line. Disney does not charge guests to use FASTPASS ® machines, but other theme parks do charge for similar services. Many people are willing to spend the extra money in order to avoid long lines at popular attractions. (Disney FASTPASS Service) Theme parks also help manage crowds by displaying estimated wait times for rides. If the wait is too long for a ride, people will go to other rides throughout the park and come back later. Other parks, such as Six Flags Theme Parks , have versions of fast passes that allow visitors to wait in shorter lines, schedule when they will go on rides electronically, and to ride the same ride twice in a row without waiting in line a second time. Six Flags Theme Park visitors can purchase Flash Passes and schedule when they will go on the ride via an electronic scheduling system. Six Flags Flash Passes are more advanced than Disney’s Fast Pass since visitors can schedule when they will go on rides electronically from anywhere in the park instead of having to go to each attraction they want to ride and receiving a time to come back when they turn in a FASTPASS ® ticket. (Flash Pass: Six Flags Magic Mountain) Six Flags allows visitors to purchase Regular, Gold or Platinum Flash Passes which have greater reductions in wait times. The Regular Flash Pass provides guests with a limited number of Flash Passes that allow them to wait in a shorter line. The Gold and Platinum Flash Passes allow visitors to electronically schedule when they will visit an attraction. Visitors are given an electronic device called a Q-Bot, which guests use to check electronically schedule when they will be able to visit the ride without waiting in line. (Q-Bot) The Platinum Fast Pass provides the added benefit of being able to go on the same ride twice in a row without getting off and waiting in line again. Flash Passes bring in additional revenue to parks and prices vary depending on the park. For example, Flash Passes range from $31 $86 per person at Six Flags Over Georgia and $41 to $99 at Six Flags Magic Mountain. (Flash Pass: Six Flags Magic Mountain) and (Flash Pass: Six Flags Over Georgia) Mobile Magic APP Theme Parks are innovative and have technologies that help them learn about customer preferences while making consumers’ experiences at the park more enjoyable. Walt Disney World has a mobile application for Verizon Wireless customers called Mobile Magic. Mobile Magic allows customers to view line wait times, make restaurant reservations, play games while waiting in line, view the weather forecast and events taking place in the park, and find Disney characters for children to get autographs. Disney receives information from Mobile Magic users that allows them to analyze which restaurants and rides are the most popular and can help Disney gain insights as to how to make consumers experiences at its parks more enjoyable. (Mobile Magic Application) Child Safety: RFID Tracking System. Theme parks such as Dollywood, Legoland, and Wannado use RFID bracelets to keep track of guests and to protect lost children. RFID bracelets transmit a signal to computer system which keeps track of each person’s location. If a child wearing a RFID bracelet becomes separated from his parents, then the parents send a text message to guest services stating, â€Å"help. † Parents receive a text message in response with the location of the lost child and directions to get to the child’s location. If a lost child gets too close to park exits, authorities are contacted to ensure the child does not exit the park. (Sturgen) RFID bracelets provide increased safety for children, and they allow groups of people to locate each easily if they are separated. The bracelets also track and store information about what foods people eat, what rides they visit first or most frequently, and what items they purchase. The information helps theme park management tailor the parks to best meet consumer preferences. Some guests may view the RFID bracelets as an invasion of privacy, but others feel that the benefits outweigh the risks. (Sturgen) At Wannado and Dollywood, the RFID technology is taken a step further than at Legoland. Visitors are provided with a bracelet containing a RFID tag. Then, groups of visitors register their names in the SafeTzone Real-Time Locating System which links each group’s bracelets together electronically. Visitors can then track the location of people in their group by scanning their bracelet at SafeTzone kiosks. (Sullivan) According to the New York Times article, â€Å"Disney Tackles Major Theme Park Problems: Lines,† Disney may start to use bracelets and take the technology one step further. Bracelets would store consumer credit card information so park guests can purchase items with the swipe of the bracelet. Also, the bracelets would store information such as the customer’s name, when they last visited the restaurant, how frequently they visit the restaurant, and the customer’s preferences. This technology would lead theme parks to be the best in class in customer satisfaction. However, it may not appeal to some people who may view it as an invasion of privacy and like there is someone watching over them at all times. Ride Technology: â€Å"4D† Attractions Theme parks have implemented a new level of technology to make attractions seem like they are in 4D. For example, Dollywood has a Polar Express ride during the winter that combines a 3D movie with seats that move like you are actually riding the Polar Express train, different smells and temperatures and other effects to make 3D movie scenes seem more realistic. (â€Å"Dollywood’s Polar Express Creates 4D Viewer Experience†) Islands of Adventure also employs â€Å"4D† technology with its Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey ride. Visitors watch a 3D movie screen while riding on magic benches that drop, lean back, spin, twist, and turn to make it feel as if visitors are flying through the world of Harry Potter. (â€Å"The Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universals Islands of Adventure†) Kuka Robot Group developed the magic benches which are also known as Robocoasters. (â€Å"Kuka Arm†) Theme Park Technology Summary: Theme parks utilize leading edge technologies to improve customer safety, better understand customer preferences, and make customers’ experiences at the park more enjoyable. RFID bracelets improve customer safety and provide parks with information about customer preferences. Investment in RFID technology would pay for itself, because many parents would be willing to pay extra to rent bracelets in order to keep traffic of their children and people in their group. Traffic flow and ride wait times are improved through video surveillance, ensuring each ride is at maximum occupancy, fast passes, wait times posted by each ride, and wait times and park information transmitted to people’s smart phones via applications like Disney’s Mobile Magic. Disney was able to create a smart phone application in conjunction with Verizon wireless by charging customers to purchase the application. Customers are happier when there are shorter wait times and the park is not as crowded. Theme parks improve customer satisfaction through the use of â€Å"4D† technology on rides. Theme parks work to improve business by utilizing and developing new technologies. Theme park technology constantly evolves. In addition to the technologies mentioned above, Maurer Rides is in the testing stages of LED-powered wheels for roller coasters. The wheels are powered by light emitting diodes (LEDs) and â€Å"rotation of the wheels creates a ‘generator principle’ with the rotating movement being converted into energy, and thus light. The key benefit is that, apart from saving power, no batteries or excessive wiring is needed. † (Theme Park Post Amusement Theme Parks Industry Business News) The LED wheel lights will show up during the day and night and create an interesting visual effect. Maurer plans to install the first ‘firewheels’, which can travel up to 80 mph, at a theme park in Germany. If this technology works, it may be adapted by other theme parks since it creates visual appeal and uses less energy. (Theme Park Post Amusement Theme Parks Industry Business News) The most important technologies for theme parks improve customer satisfaction and the likelihood that guests will return to the parks again or recommend the parks to other people. 4D Technology, RFID tracking bracelets, Flash Passes, and smart phone applications are leading edge technologies for theme parks that accomplish the task of improving customer satisfaction. Technology is constantly evolving, and theme parks are destined to invent more advanced technologies that improve business operations and customers’ experiences. Works Cited Barnes, Brooks. Disney Tackles Major Theme Park Problem: Lines. The New York Times. The New York Times Company, 28 Dec. 2010. Web. 22 May 2011. . Disney FASTPASS Service. Walt Disney World Resort. Disney. Web. 30 May 2011. . Dollywoods Polar Express Creates 4D Viewer Experience Amusement Parks. Amusement Park Industry-Theme Park Business Directory Amusement Park. Blooloop, 18 Feb. 2009. Web. 31 May 2011. . Flash Pass: Six Flags Magic Mountain. Six Flags. Web. 30 May 2011. . Flash Pass: Six Flags Over Georgia. Six Flags. Web. 30 May 2011. . Kuka Arm. Harry Potter Wizarding World Theme Park in Orlando, Florida. Web. 31 May 2011. . Mobile Magic Application | Verizon Wireless | Disney Parks. Mobile Magic | Disney Parks. Web. 22 May 2011. . Q-Bot. Web log post. Theme Park Review. 17 Mar. 2010. Web. 30 May 2011. . Satchell, Arlene. Wannado City Moves up Closing to Jan. 2 Sun Sentinel. Featured Articles From The Sun Sentinel. The Sun Sentinel, 21 Dec. 2010. Web. 22 May 2011. . Sturgeon, Will. RFID Chips on Kids Makes Legoland Safer | Protecting Your ID | Silicon. com. Silicon. com | Technology Strategy for CIOs and Business Executives. Silicon. com, 24 June 2004. Web. 24 May 2011. . Sullivan, Laurie. How RFID Will Help Mommy Find Johnny InformationWeek. InformationWeek | Business Technology News, Reviews and Blogs. Information Week, 15 Sept. 2004. Web. 22 May 2011. . Theme Park Post Amusement Theme Parks Industry Business News. Web. 22 May 2011. .

Ernest Hemingway Essay Example for Free

Ernest Hemingway Essay Introduction To be a writer you must need to be passion, but most important feel the passion for what you do. It’s not something that grows in one day. Ernest Hemingway and Russell Banks were dedicated writer who enjoyed writing. They both wrote about true stories where the readers will feel identify by the story. Proposal Ernest Hemingway and Russell Banks both wrote about abortion, but in huge different style. As author they have different style in write, and different way to think. In one hand we have Ernest Hemingway with â€Å"Hill like White Elephants†. In this story the theme is abortion, but you have to be carefully to identify the theme, because it is kind of confuse about what the couple were talking; the story seems like if the author was tried to hind it. Hemingway’s typical style is a dialogue between characters; it is continuo he used signal phrase placements in his stories. Also Hemingway used a descriptive language as example: â€Å"the girl stood up and walked to the end of the station. Across, on the other side, were fields of grain and trees along the banks of the Ebro†(275). On the other hand we have Russell Banks with â€Å"Black Man and White Woman in Dark Green Rowboat†. He also wrote about abortion, but he tried to put it a little bit more dramatic; including racism between the couple who were one black and one white. Russell used a more narrative style in his stories, and less dialogue the readers can see dialogue when the story is unfolds contrary to Hemingway. However Russell used more descriptive language. He emphasized in every detail about the story in the landscape, and in the same way for characters. Russell descriptive by used color as example: â€Å"by the time he closed his door the water was smooth again, dark green plain beneath the thick gray-blue sky†(1). Conclusion Each author have a different way to write that’s make them unique and distinct from each other, but in most cases authors used the same theme but in different ways and based in they own experiences.

Communication Differences in Gender

Communication Differences in Gender Communication is an important part of any genders, with verbal and nonverbal communication styles used on a frequent basis. Both types of communications can be independent or used together, and it can be confusing for both men and women if not used correctly so it is important to make sure miscommunication do not by learning. We will be discussing different communication styles in verbal and nonverbal communication used by men and women, and looking at miscommunication that may occurs between genders. To help and explain this and personal experience will be used, and show various strategies to avoid miscommunication, and find possible solution to miscommunication and keep them to a minimal. Communication Styles Communication will be different when it comes to genders and these differences do not relate to any specific personal experience of a gender, and research as shown men will typically be direct, succinct, personal and instrumental in their communication, while women will try to relate to things, use emotions, and gain understanding in a personal way. This research fact shows how men will engage in a conversation using information, while women will try to build a relationship. With this in mind it has led perception of gender communication whether it is verbal or nonverbal communication. General terms and a use of a function standpoint are typical of male’s verbal communication. A functional standpoint is all about exchanging information and reinforcing relationship. With males being more dominant in communication, women until more recently were stereotyped as being submissive in conversation, but differences in language the gender uses are common and communication in relationship with both genders show a contrast in written and verbal communication not related to anyone gender specially. Verbally both gender show differences in communication, with males in some cases using adjectives that may seem judgmental, and women intensive adverbs. Though many also forget that pitch is common communication difference even if the pitch is not gender specific, it can related to one gender more than the other. Typically speaking women are stereotyped to have higher pitch, while men will have lower pitch sound, even though we know that pitch is not related specifically to a gender. Both gender have specific stereotypes on pitches, like when male uses a higher pitch to not sound feminine, and women using lower pitch when want sound more dominant and credible. Vocabulary use is a noticeable between genders, and seen easily when women are speaking as they will use more diverse vocabulary, while men may not have diversity in vocabulary they will use numbers. Women using communication will commonly divulge information with emotions, attitude, and beliefs, but men will avoid this when po ssible. According to GenderSpeak â€Å"An overabundance of tentative forms of expression in one’s communication can be interpreted as a sign of uncertainty and insecurity. But tentative language may also indicate politeness (Watts, 2003) and may have positive, facilitative uses; these kinds of expressions need not be identified with one sex or the other† (Ivy Backland, Ch. 4, p. 174). Both gender will have similarities and differences in their verbal communication, but so will their nonverbal communications. Women are much better at catching nonverbal cues in compared to men, and interpreting cues. Women will commonly use more person nonverbal cue including leaning forward, excellent eye contact to whom they speaking too, while showing more emotional expressions. Men will try change conversation to something with an angle when possible while using less eye contact that shows women will be better at nonverbal communication and staying attuned to them. Miscommunications and Causes Miscommunication experience between both genders may vary, but both gender will have their shares of miscommunications. Males will be more direct when it comes to looking for answers and communications, and they typically will avoid feedback, and not looking multiple option when possible. Females like to using expression, relationships, emotions, and feelings when communication will not have solution, with typical closeness in their communication. Women also do not want advice even if they look like they look like they may need it. It quiet common for males to use conversation to find social order, and try to show their dominance to other in a conversation, but female do not engage in dominance instead they use conversation to be more intimate. Men and women use conversation different and it is important to understand that women tend to have close relationships in their conversation, and will typically seek though, feelings and beliefs, and men want to dominate and find solution in conversation. These differences in communication between the two gender is one of the main causes of miscommunications, as both gender forget to realize that other gender may not communicate in same styles as their gender. With men using communication to dominate socially and get results when communicating, while women will typical use relationships communication, it leads to both gender needing to realize the difference in communication between them so that miscommunications are left to a minimal. Personal Experiences Miscommunication is common occurrence and happen to everyone at some point between men and women, and is also seen quiet often in our societies. IN my personal life I have experience miscommunication and many occasion, and one that would help better understand miscommunication is an argument over a trip needing planning with my girlfriend. Trip planning is an interesting thing as requires a place to go, cost, duration, and other things that will be needed before a trip can be made. With a male and female planning a trip miscommunication is common thing as both may have different ideas, thought, and communication styles to give their ideas. Though stereotypes for genders can be applied in this type a situation, it is not a factor in this situation that will be discussed. In planning a trip with my girlfriend there were miscommunication involved, as both wanted to have control of the conversation, and I would be direct about what I wanted, my girlfriend was not direct and try to bring emotions and relationships into the conversation to convey her points. In the process of deciding on location to go, I was more about going towards a natural and exciting place, while she was wanting a romantic quiet place to go, and we would start arguing over this as we were miscommunicating why we wanted to go to these style of places. With this argument we both had different viewpoints and used different communication styles which we were not understanding, and while I would be direct, she always tried use emotion and relationship in the communicating. This went on for a while until we both realized that neither of us were listening to each other and we need a way to communicate that we both could follow and understand. With us having communication issues we decided to take a breather and try to look at the other person point of view before starting discussion again. In this process I realized she was trying convey her emotion in her communication and bring in relationship, and I may not looked at communicating in this fashion causing miscommunication. After realizing this issue I determine I most try to look at emotional parts of communications, while she realized that try to be more direct would also help and miscommunication were limited on restart of the trip planning discussion. While I was usually more dominate and taking control of discussion in first try, this time around both us try to be equal and my girlfriend took a more dominate role, while I learnt to listen for subtle cues on why she wanted go to a romantic quiet place. In the example above we both realized that we had issues in communication and how we were trying to get our point across, and adjust our communication to come up with solution and clear communication that would work for both of us. Though we still had some miscommunication that were not uncommon in most cross gender relationships it was excellent learning experience. With the change in communication and understanding our communication were not in sync it help us better understand the other and also be more comfortable without worries of hurting other feeling, while adjusting our communication styles so the other could understand and avoid miscommunication. As stated by GenderSpeak â€Å" In expanding their repertoire of communication behaviors, the sexes can learn from each other’s listening tendencies and unlearn some habits and sex-typed conditioning. While listening to support a speaker is an admirable approach, women can expand their listening ability to more thoroughly t rack facts and comprehend information, rather than reading into a conversation more than the facts or trying to â€Å"take the emotional temperature† of the other person (Beebe, Beebe, Ivy, 2007, p. 120)† (Ivy Backland, Ch. 5, p. 203). Effective Strategies With any communication misunderstanding will happen and it not bad idea to have strategies should be available to use to solve these miscommunication. From the personal experience above taking break or pause can be excellent way analyze why communication is not working and work on ways to avoid miscommunications, while helping making a communication move forward so future miscommunication can be avoided before they happen. A pause or break is good way to reflect back on the communication see how you will try re-communicate a thought or idea, though this not the only effective strategies. The pause and break method is great strategy as it does give both side the opportunity to reflect on previous communications and while they failed and how they should proceed to communicate so miscommunication can be avoided. This type strategy also make us all realize that both men and women may have different ways to communicate, whether it is verbally or non-verbally, and look for similarities tha t may be used to help in communicating. It is important in this type strategy to understand that our genders will communicate differently and how we can communicate in the future so less miscommunication will occur. As stated â€Å"A limited amount of information about the sexes and listening behavior exists, but a few key sources agree on a major difference in how men and women listen. It’s not that members of one sex don’t listen as well as the other, but the sexes tend to listen for different purposes.† (Ivy Backland, 2008, Ch.5) The effective strategy above is not the only strategy that is available, to use when having issues in effective communication between genders. Other good ways to effectively communicate include more contact, relationship negations, social support and assistance, increased rewards, and directional definitional. Each strategy can help keep in keeping miscommunication to a minimal, but it should be realized sometimes it not going to work. Even with many different effective strategies to become more effective at communicating, they’re no set strategy that will work best with any communication and situation, and the strategy required can vary to allow for more effective communication. It not uncommon to look at the best solution to answer and with communication the same rule does apply, but it may not work in a communication situation. Conclusion Each gender will communicate differently and it is important that we do understand that sometimes the way we communicate from gender stereotypes and it may not work with the opposite gender. With the many communication styles used by both men and women, and with many of them being similar and different in non-verbal or verbal communication. With women typically using relationships, and men using a more direct approach, both men and women will have miscommunications as they are not realizing the differences in their communication styles. Throughout this paper it has pointed out the various communication styles used by genders and help explain why miscommunication occur who we may avoid them in the future by using various strategies, and learn how each gender may communicate. With many strategies to help with avoid miscommunication it is important to realize that their no guarantee the strategies discussed will avoid the miscommunication completely as sometimes our subconscious may cau se the miscommunication which we will not realize. References Sapiro, V (2002). Women in American Society. An Introduction to Women’s Studies (5th ed.). Manhattan, NY: McGraw-Hill. Ivy, D.K. Backlund, P. (2008). Gender Speak: Personal effectiveness in gender communications (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson: Allyn Bacon Rawluszko, M. (2009). Communication in the conditions of diversity. Kobieta, Biznes, (1-4),53-56. http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/230449979?accountid=458 Gore, J. S. (2009). The interaction of sex, verbal, and nonverbal cues in same-sex first encounters. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 33(4), 279-299. doi:10.1007/s10919-009-00741

Fusion :: essays research papers

Fusion reactions are inhibited by the electrical repulsive force that acts between two positively charged nuclei. For fusion to occur, the two nuclei must approach each other at high speed to overcome the electrical repulsion and attain a sufficiently small separation (less than one-trillionth of a centimeter) that the short-range strong nuclear force dominates. For the production of useful amounts of energy, a large number of nuclei must under go fusion: that is to say, a gas of fusing nuclei must be produced. In a gas at extremely high temperature, the average nucleus contains sufficient kinetic energy to undergo fusion. Such a medium can be produced by heating an ordinary gas of neutral atoms beyond the temperature at which electrons are knocked out of the atoms. The result is an ionized gas consisting of free negative electrons and positive nuclei. This gas constitutes a plasma.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Plasma, in physics, is an electrically conducting medium in which there are roughly equal numbers of positively and negatively charged particles, produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized. It is sometimes referred to as the fourth state of matter, distinct from the solid, liquid, and gaseous states. When energy is continuously applied to a solid, it first melts, then it vaporizes, and finally electrons are removed from some of the neutral gas atoms and molecules to yield a mixture of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons, while overall neutral charge density is maintained. When a significant portion of the gas has been ionized, its properties will be altered so substantially that little resemblance to solids, liquids, and gases remains. A plasma is unique in the way in which it interacts with itself with electric and magnetic fields, and with its environment. A plasma can be thought of as a collection of ions, electrons, neutral atoms and molecules, an photons in which some atoms are being ionized simultaneously with other electrons recombining with ions to form neutral particles, while photons are continuously being produced and absorbed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Scientists have estimated that more than 99 percent of the matter in the universe exists in the plasma state. All of the observed stars, including the Sun, consist of plasma, as do interstellar and interplanetary media and the outer atmospheres of the planets. Although most terrestrial matter exists in a solid, liquid or gaseous state, plasma is found in lightning bolts and auroras, in gaseous discharge lamps (neon lights), and in the crystal structure of metallic solids.

Gender Inequalities in Access to Schooling in Pakistan Essay -- Girls

Education is a precious thing that holds the future for all young human beings. It allows us to learn, to grow, and to become functional and responsible citizens of society and the competitive world. Without education, people will not be able to do the things that they want to in the future in order to advance their dreams to improve their lives and society. They will not be able to learn new things, new ideas, and new skills in order to advance the stages of human growth and development. They will be barricaded behind the barriers of ignorance, isolation, and despair. While students in the industrialized developed world have the right and ability to go to school and learn without barriers, it is not the same for the rest of the countries that are categorized as part of the developing world. Girls in developing countries such as Pakistan, do not have the full access and ability to go to school and are facing cultural, political, and economic barriers that are inhibiting the ability of these kids from entering school. The Pakistani government should take responsibility in solving the country’s education crisis by reforming its education system to make it accessible for Pakistani girls who are not able to go school. Girls represent a strong majority of those who can’t go to school. According to an article by Omar Waraich from Time Magazine, Mosharraf Zaidi, the campaign director of an education advocacy group called â€Å"Alif Ailaan†, stated that 61% of the 25 million Pakistani children who can't go to school are girls. Cultural barriers of male-dominated patriarchy, inherited from the era of British colonialism and traditional Indian culture as according to Latif, are one of the factors that prevent girls from going to sch... ...?" Education Economics 17.3 (2009): 329-54. Web. 9  Dec.  2013. Callum, Christine, Zeba Sathar, and Minhaj ul Haque. "Is Mobility the Missing Link in Improving Girls' Schooling in Pakistan?" Asian Population Studies 8.1 (2012): 5-22. Web. 9  Dec.  2013. Ghuman, Sharon, and Cynthia Lloyd. "Teacher Absence as a Factor in Gender Inequalities in Access to Primary Schooling in Rural Pakistan." Comparative Education Review 54.4 (2010): 539-54. Web. 9  Dec.  2013. Kingston, Anne. "Teen Idol." Maclean's 126.48 (2013): 65-6. Web. 9  Dec.  2013. Latif, Amna. "A Critical Analysis of School Enrollment and Literacy Rates of Girls and Women in Pakistan." Educational Studies 45.5 (2009): 424-39. Web. 9  Dec.  2013. Waraich, Omar. "‘There Are Thousands of Malalas’: What Pakistan’s Teenage Activist Has Already Won." TIME.com. Time Magazine, 11  Oct.  2013. Web. 9  Dec.  2013.

True Freedom in Lawrences Aaron’s Rod Essay -- essays research papers

â€Å"They had got outside the castle of so-called human life. Outside the horrible, stinking castle of human life. A bit of true, limpid freedom.† ~ Florence, Aaron's Rod) 'Aaron’s Rod' concludes the central theme that D. H. Lawrence took up in 'The White Peacock', 'The Trespasser', 'The Lost Girl', and 'Mr. Noon': the idea of true human freedom. What makes Aaron’s Rod exceptional is the way it transforms the notion of love, regarded as the savior of human soul from the tyranny of social obligations. In his previous novels, Lawrence depicted characters that are fed up with their forced ways of social life. They are helplessly seeking a relationship that offers spontaneity, in harmony with their inner self, the depth of their soul. There is always only one answer to the question ‘How?’ and that is love. They break the existing social bonds and make new love relationships with varying results from a satisfied marriage (The Lost Girl) to suicide (The Trespasser). Contrarily, Aaron’s Rod takes a line that is overtly slanted against love as the true path of human freedom. It challenges the very notion of love as something c onsistent with the needs of the human soul. It even poses the question ‘what is true love?’ The first three chapters clearly poise 'Aaron’s Rod' against the mechanical mode of life in an increasingly industrialized society. Aaron Sisson is the Secretary at a colliery. He has to work till late in the evening and has an unsatisfactory marriage. His reaction to his suffocating emotional life is seen on Christmas Eve when he goes to bring his daughters some candles. Instead of returning home, Aaron spends the night at the Bricknells. He tells Josephine, â€Å"My wife has made up her mind she loves me, and she’s not going ... ...he way one of them becomes an eagle and the other its prey. Secondly, does the inner, deeper self of the man, one that enables him to become himself, survive the chains of social bondage? Lawrence is optimistic here just as he has been in The Lost Girl and The Rainbow. The reader sees Aaron shocked at the splitting of his flute in a bomb blast made by the anarchists. On Lilly’s asking, he throws the broken rod into a stream. Lawrence speaks through Lilly the most precious words: â€Å"It’ll grow again. It’s a reed, a water-plant. You can’t kill it.† Man’s soul is always living, breathing, and waiting for the vital ecdysis that gives it the power to come out and rule itself. In Lilly’s words, â€Å"We must either love or rule. And once the love-mode changes, as change it must, for we are worn out and becoming evil in its persistence, then the other mode will take place in us.†

Internet and Information Essay

Having quick access to information can make life quite easy! I say this, because not all information you find on digital media sources can be trusted. The one way you can assess the value of the information is to perform research on the information offered or cross-reference the information you find. Since anyone can post anything on the Internet, it is best to identify the author and research the author’s credentials. This week I was researching information on the Internet about the digital divide. The search pulled up more than 50 pages of web links multiplied by 13 web links per page. Most of the populated information, was outdated, not that out dated information is not useful; however, I was able to find 10 web links that were dated recently enough for me to use. Over the years, I have become more literate regarding digital media and been able to distinguish the difference between blog, chat room, substantive and opinionated sites. Understanding how to identify bias statements and identify the facts as it relates, is one way to look at the information provided with a critical eye. Some websites the author, tries to influence their readers by taking a bias approach to persuade the reader’s thoughts on a particular subject, in these instances you are not receiving a balanced viewpoint, however; this is not always bad, especially when it comes to researching on personal viewpoints. Understanding the reliability and credibility of information might be as simple as knowing the domain. Domains can clue you in on the type of information and where the information originated. For instance, if I am looking for information on taxes, I would find correct answers on IRS. gov instead of IRS. com. It is safe to assume that IRS. gov is a reliable website as the government is the creator, on the other hand, IRS. com shows me similar information, however, it contains advertisements and a direct link to the IRS official’s website. Although both websites look familiar and offer alike information I find it better to get the answers straight from the horse’s mouth. To find and tilize the information, I need to use a critical eye and cross-reference the information found. Another instance is watching the different news stations on TV and understanding the affiliation they may have with other TV stations. For example, I may be watching a national news program MSNBC stock’s banner, which mentions how Comcast’s stocks are on the rise; this might be to persuade viewers to invest in their stock; however, I am also aware that Comcast recently purchased NBC and its affiliated stations. Now that I understand the possible bias approach, I am more inclined to research the fact prior to purchase their stock. The next time you walk into your local food store, view the magazines and newspapers. You should already be aware of the tabloids that give a reader inaccurate information and normally lack the author’s bio or credentials. The Internet can be like a magazine stand! Because of net neutrality, the lack of restrictions enables anyone to upload any kind of information, whether is true or false. We find ourselves arguing the two extremes! On one hand if a private enterprise wants to control the Internet, we would find that information would be shared for a price which limits free speech, however, if we allow the government to control what is shared on the Internet we may be left with what the government finds deem able. Both extremes limit our freedom when it comes to the Internet! As to your last question concerning the digital divide; it means the gap between those who have access to this media and those who do not. This divide affects many Americans whom either have no access to digital and media social websites or chooses not to have any involvement with it. They lack the basic understanding of digital media, and/or how to utilize the information. To bridge the gap, we have already started by providing free Internet access in our schools and libraries. This would allow for people with limited resources to become media literate. I believe that this free service can help bridge the gap to help the illiterate understand the differences between facts vs. propaganda. Because of the misuse on the Internet and the increased marketing from companies, I would find these classes useful for those with limited understanding of the Internet.

Comparing of mice and men with the withered arm Essay

gate stylusOf mice and men is a novel create verb eachy in a idea in America du reverberance the prototypical. It was scripted by deception Steinbeck and po model on a feast in Soledad, a scummy turn egress acresish atomic add up 18a in California. This eye-opening rehearsal is based on two contrasting men, George, a sm on the whole, in guaranteeigent merely modest hu homophiles and Lenny, as big as a bull and as strong as an ox, exactly check offmingly mentally challenged, who traveled rough with each a nonher(prenominal) recreateing as cattle f sleeve homosexualpower to obt own(prenominal) full m singley to finally political campaign their own piece of local argona networkd and keep on abreast in living the Ameri dirty dog imagine.The fall weapon is a rook business kind written by the leg residualary cause hindquarters Steinbeck. It is set is Wessex (the south west of Eng kill) and is based nearly four of import timbers Rhoda Brook, a milkmaid on a dairy, her password, f laceer co here, the owner of the dairy and generate to Rhoda brook pincer and Gertrude sojourn, the youthful married woman of sodbuster ordination. ein truth of these causas feel quarantined collect to their social status yet between them at that place is an unfortunate set of steadyts involving witchcraft, superstition and deathAbout the authors- gutter Steinbeck similarlyshie Steinbeck grew up in California in the early 1900s. There he attended school, univer nonplusy and worked on a spreadhead. This is where he got the inlet for the short novel Of mice and men. working a ranch hand he saw up close and in soulfulness the kind of rasets he turn tos of in his give-and-take, which is why he is capable of bringing the characters he uses to life. He w hokume some(prenominal)(prenominal) opposite stories as the pearl, the red pony and the moon is fling offdoubting Thomas inflexibleThomas Hardy was brought in Dorset in the mid 1800s. He h grey-headed outd with family in a small bungalow and analogous most s grantrren of his generation worked manually from a real young. The inspiration for his short stories and novels came from his grandm an some other(prenominal)s tales. He would sit in front of the fire in his home and listen to the doddery wives tales she would announce him. The withered arm is unmatched such(prenominal) memory he has sh ard with us in his exceptional writings. When Hardy was old enough he moved to capital of the United Kingdom where he sust own(prenominal)d with electricity, teleph sensationd and other luxuries he had neer experienced as a child. Although he came to populate Lon gown(prenominal), the lifestyle and the community very well, it was in the past he k immature to the highest degree just now from old stories that he chose to base his exceptional talesShow how effectively these stories shine the fourth dimensions they were set in. Examine character se ttings and social conditionThere atomic number 18 some(prenominal) themes to include in this es secern, lone stockss, envisages, and the quality of women. These atomic number 18 average a some of many an(prenominal) I exit establishDreams be an authorised particularor in both stories and I will apologise why First of all what is a moon according to the Readers Digest Great Encyclopaedic Dictionary, leash Edition a woolgathers argon a T r personal of displaceiments, images, or fancies passing finished principal during sleep Conscious stupidity of fancy, reverie, affaire of dream-the deals of bag, charm, goodness, and so forthAs it is exposit above, a dream is some social function you indulge in, to escape momentarily from life. This consumems to be the context that John Steinbeck intended his characters in Of Mice and Men to dream in. The usance of dreams in of mice and men is fabulously important. later on the Wall Street jampack hundreds of men bec ame unemployed and had to travel around working as ranch give for a bit of cash. And most of these population had what is k straight offn as the great Ameri hatful dream, to own their own bit of earth where they can live work and be steep of, someaffair they could call up their own. These ranch reach or bindle stiffs as they became known had nought apart from what they could carry in their bindle. All their earthly possessions were kept wrapped in a piece of cloth and had to be light enough so that they could laissez passer around with it where ever they went.George sh ard the great American dream and believed that one day he would be able to win it. Lenny was incredibly simple minded and for induceful, lots comparable a young child. He exactly examine oned what he requisiteed to remember which in his case was tending the rabbits and live with George on their own piece of land. When we are origin introduced to George and Lennys dream it is go by means of that they do spoken of it many a sentence before. Lenny shows the excitement of an eager child on deliverymanmas morning barely at the cerebration of macrocosm in the postal service he so bulkyed to be. To us their dream sounds very simple un little(prenominal) for them if it was to ascertain it would literally be a dream start out straight, this is the section from where we are first introduced to the dreamSome day were gonna claim a jack to incurher and were gonna comport a little domicile and a couple of an a awe and some pigs and-An live of the fatta the lan Lenny shouted. An pick up rabbits. Go on George Tell hardly most what were gonna acquit in the tend and well-nigh the rabbits in the cages and the rain in the winter and the equip, and thick cream is on the milk like you can precisely cut it. Tell expert close that, George.whynt you do it yourself. You know all of it.No. . . you show up it. It aint the same if I report it. Go on . . . George. How I a dopt to tend the rabbits.fountainhead, said George. Well gift a big vegetable patch and a hutch and chickens. And when it rains in the winter, well precisely say the hell with goin to work and well build up a fire in the stove and set around it an listen to the rain comin down on the roof-NutsThe key line in that section is when Lenny says An live of the fatta the lan That sentence rounds up the great American dream, to be able to live on your own land and grammatical construction by and by yourself. Lenny, with his child-like mentality, believes whatever he hears, so when George tells him that they will au thustically get their own land, he believes with all his heart. To Lenny, the question is non if, only if whenGeorge, how longs it gonna be process we get that little pip an live on the fatta the lan an rabbits? However George is really retention Lenny sweet because he knows how gruelling and unlikely fulfilling the dream would. That is why he shows so much surprise i n the bunk-house when candy gets involved and eventually saysS frame I went in with you khat wires. Thas three hundred an fifty bucks Id put in. I aint much good, barely I could cook and tend the chickens and hoe the tend some. Howd that be? George was very antitank at first besides eventually adapted to the idea. The section goes on they condemnable into a silence. They looked at one another(prenominal), amazed. This thing they had never really believed in was culmination true. George said reverently, Jesus Christ I bet we could swing herThe line underlined in that section is exceedingly important because that much George and Lenny spoke of this dream, unlike Lenny, George new the likelihood of it actually happening was exceedingly improbable and now he could see the light at the end of the tunnel. This dream had been based on a kind of fantasy, the way a 10 year old boy fantasises of vie pedestalball for England, you always recover or so but never expect it to hap pen, and George cut and delight in their new plant wealth to put towards this home is see the light when he says reverently Jesus Christ I bet we could swing her. candy does not seem to take for a dream until he reckons George and Lenny. He is move up in the plausible macrocosm of this dream, a dream he would plausibly be too scared to tutor by himself. Candy is not skilful with his life on the ranch, but he doesnt think that there is anything that he can do but now the three men really befool something to aim for which is within reasonable sight, they are expecting a dream diminish trueGeorge and Lennys dream is the most sozzled throughout Of Mice and Men but it isnt the only one Curleys married womans dream was to be in the movies and backsheesh-in in a Hollywood grand as is shown when she saysNother beat a met a guy, an he was in pitchers. Went out to the riverbank dance palace with him. He says he was gonna put me in the movies. Says I was a natural. Soons he got indorse to Hollywood he was gonna write to me intimately it. She looked closely at Lenny to see if she was impressing him. I never got that letter, She said. I always thought my ol lady stole it. Well I wasnt gonna stay no placeWhether or not the letter was sent she stood by her dream and wouldnt p tot up that she might not ware do it on to the silver screen. Also Crooks, the slanting stable buck farm a point of his a dream, the thing he valued above any thing else was companionship and tinge rights. This is shown when he speaks to Lenny whilst the others are in town. In this parley his green-eyed monster of Lennys take to the woods, and of his relationship with George are rather an clearly shown. This is what he saysGeorge can tell you screwy things and it dont matter. Its just the clacking. Its just bein with another guy. Thats all. He PauseHis voice grew wacky and persuasive. Spose George dont come back no more. Spose George went into town to-night and you ne ver comprehend him no more. Crooks pressed onward in some kind of private victory. safe spose that. He recurrentCrooks goes on torturing Lenny language nearly George not coming back until Lenny goes on the offensive and questions Crooks. When Crooks senses he could be in danger he backs off and goes on to sayMaybe you can see now. You got George. You know hes goin to come back. Spose you didnt obligate secret code. Spose you couldnt go in to the bunk-house and play rummy cause you was black. Howd you like that? Spose you had to sit out here an read track records. Sure you could play horseshoes boulder clay it got dark, but then you got to read books. Books aint no good. A guy needs mortal-to be near him. He whined. A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody. Dont make no difference who the guy is, longs hes with you. I tell ya, he cried. I tell ya a guy gets too lone(prenominal), an he gets sickCrooks speaks to opens his heart to Lenny even though he said he didnt even want hi m there, but that in conclusion speech shows Crooks envy for what George and Lenny meet and how his dream is to be around muckle and be cast aside just because he Just some ringtail. This envy however comes out at first in anger, which as well as shows the green-eyed monster coming through for what the two friends haveIn the withered arm John Steinbeck considers the sentence his novel is set in through the implication of dreams through unalike characters. George and Lenny have the great American dream which was shared by millions during the depression, Curleys wife dreams of being a movie star, and as the enter industry really kicked off during the time this book is set in and curls dream is that of the coloured man during this time in hi level, to have equal rights and companionshipIn the withered arm dreams are as well as extremely important but some are shown are shown in a completely divers(prenominal) way to the dreams in Of Mice and Men. When talking of dreams in The Withered Arm you have to discuss the dream, which the story is based around, Rhoda Brooks dream. Rhoda was a milkmaid on an eighty awe dairy And was well known around her small community for two things, one was her affair with Farmer Lodge, the pie-eyed land owner, which left here with a child, and number two for the rumours spread by the villagers to the highest degree her usage of unnatural powers and performing rituals and so forth using witchcraft.These rumours came from her involvement with a man by the name of conjurer Trendle, a wizard if you will. Now Farmer Lodge had, since his affair with Rhoda Brook, betrothed a pleasing young women named Gertrude and obviously afterwards her matrimony to Farmer Lodge became known as Gertrude Lodge. Rhoda Brook initially hated Gertrude Lodge with a purpose. She would send her son to get a look at her to find out whether she was pretty and kind etc. She was basically extremely jealous of Gertrudes youth and beauty and was envious of her marrying the return of her son. In Rhoda Brooks dream she is visited by Gertrude Lodge, only not by the Gertrude Lodge that had married Farmer Lodge but by an older distorted Gertrude Lodge. This is an take outdoor(a) from the story describing the dream but the puzzle out which had occupied her so much during this and the prior days was not to be banished at night. For the first time Gertrude Lodge visited the supplanted women in her dreams. Rhoda Brook dreamed since her assertion that she really saw, before falling asleep, was not to be believed that the young wife, in the pale silk clothe and white bonnet, but with features shockingly distorted, and purse by age, was sitting upon her chest as she lay.The pressure of Mrs. Lodges person grew heavier the blue eyes peered cruelly into her pillowcase and then the figure thrust forward its left hand mockingly, so as to make the wedding ring it wore blaze in Rhodas eyes. Maddened mentally, and nearly suffocated by pres sure, the sleeper struggled the incubus, still regarding her, withdrew to the foot of the tell apart, only, however, to come forward by degrees, resume her seat, and flash her left hand as before.Gasping for breath, Rhoda, in a last dread(a) effort, swung out her right hand, seized the confronting apparition by its obstructive left arm, and whirled it backward towards the floor, first up herself as she did so with a low cry O, merciful heaven she cried, sitting on the edge of the bed in a cold drive that was not a dream she was hereShe could feel her antagonists arm within her range even now the very embodiment and bone of it, as it seemed.This dream shows the Rhoda Brooks hatred is pure jealousy of Gertrudes relationship with farmer Lodge and of her untested looks. In the dream the way the spectre flashed the wedding ring at Rhoda showed a great deal if envy and acrimony for what Gertrude has. And as well how Gertrude is disfigured shows that even though Gertrude is a p retty young char to eitherone else, Rhoda sees her as a disfigured old hag. During the 1800s children born through divorced parents were looked down upon, well not so much the children as the parents, but as Farmer Lodge owned the land where most villagers lived and worked Rhoda was the one who was isolated because if it.Although the book describes Rhoda Brook as a washed-out cleaning lady on thirty and as a woman of well outlined features with a large frame I would imagine fro her to have a relationship with Framer Lodge she would have had too have been a beautiful, popular young woman in her late teens early mid-twenties and because of rejection from her Childs sire and her community she had perplex less attractive and more worn, and this dream make Gertrude the older, unattractive woman. only if still she had the ring on and still she had the love of Farmer Lodge.Although this dream left Rhoda brook shaken she wasnt overly bothered slightly it until the day Gertrude ap peared at her front opening and showed her a strange mark which she had spy on her left arm. Gertrude said she awoke with the paradox two weeks ago when the clock enamored two. In naming the night and the hour Rhoda Brook had her encounter it looked as if Rhodas dream was more than just a dream, after all there were rumours rough her using witchcraft.Gertrude Lodges dream in The Withered Arm is alike to that of the dreams in of mice and men. She longs to be loved by Farmer Lodge and when she begins looking less attractive she becomes worried and will go to any length to stay beautiful. This reflects the time it was set in because a wealthy man would tend to marry beauty and when this beauty begins to lessen they would become dulled and move on to someone new. Gertrude makes a point of this in a chat she has with Rhoda BrookRhoda shivered. Thats fancy, she said hurriedly. I wouldnt mind it, if I were you.I shouldnt so much mind it, said the younger with hesitation, if if I h adnt a notion that it makes my husband scorn me no, love me less. Men think so much of personal appearance.Some do he for one.Yes and he was very sublime of mine at first.Keep your arm covered from his sight.Ah he knows the disfigurement is there She tried to hide the tears that fled her eyes.Gertrude just wanted to feel loved and not be cast aside by her husbandThomas Hardy reflects upon the times this short story was set in, just as Steinbeck did, by using characters. The way Farmer Lodge could have women how and when he pleased or until they werent as easy on the eye and in addition how wad use to believe in witchcraft. Hardys story could have been believed as a true story not much more than a century ago.Loneliness is an extremely important theme throughout both stories. virtually any character is an outcast in his or her own little way, disrespect being part of a larger community. In Of Mice And Men George and Lenny really foundation out because they arent alone. People during the depression would work a month on a ranch, take their earnings and be on their way. As George said whilst harangue with LennyGuys like us, that work on ranches, are the loneliest guys in the worldAnd it was true. These cattle farm hands or Bindle stiffs arrived alone, worked alone and left alone. But George and Lenny were disparate because they travelled around together. Georges conversation with Lenny continuedThey got no family. They dont belong no place. They come to a ranch an work up a stake an then go inta town an blow their stake, and the first thing you know theyre pounding their tale on some other ranch. They got cipher to look ahead toLenny was delighted. Thats it thats it. Now tell how it is with us.George went on. With us it aint like that. We got a future. We got somebody to talk to that gives a damn about us. We dont have to sit in no bar-room blowin in out jack jus because we got no place else to go. If them other guys gets in jail they can rot f or all anybody gives a damn. But not us.Lenny broke in. but not us An why? Because I got you to look after me, and you got me to look after you, and thats why.I have underlined We got somebody to talk to because that is an extremely important line. Crooks says to Lenny when talking about seclusion A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody. But George and Lenny are friends and have each other, and although Lenny can be a Burden on George he is glad they are together. They have a kind of father and son relationship, with George the father and Lenny being the son. George knows that Lenny isnt too bright, he thinks like a child, so the only way George can keep him form doin bad things is by keeping him in check the way a father would. There are many examples of this. The first one is when the two men have just escaped from dirty dog and Lenny is drinkinging the dirty water. George saysLenny Lenny for gods sake dont drink so much. Lenny continued to snort into the pool. The small man leane d over and shook him by the shoulder. Lenny. You gonna be sick like you was last night.George speaks to Lenny firmly like this so he knows he doing something wrong the way a father would but he also does other things similar to a father for example praising him so he knows hes done something right, like when George tells him not to speak when they get to the ranch. Lenny remembers this so George saysGood boy. Thats swell. You say that over two, three more times so you wont forget it.He also brags about Lenny to other people such as when he first speaks to come down about working slim asks if George and Lenny have ever bucked Barley and George repliesHell, Yes. I aint nothing to scream about, but that big bastard there can put up more molecule alone than most pairs canGeorge feels he has to show Lenny off to new people the way a parent would with their childSome people were suspicious of George and Lenny because they never saw people travel around together. One person was the boss at the ranch. He grilled George because he thought that George was stealing Lennys pay. This is part of their conversationI said what stake you got in this guy? You takin his pay away from himNo, course I aint. why ya think Im sell him out?Well, I never seen one guy take so much trouble for another guy. I just like to know what your interest isThis reflects upon the time it was set with most people travelling alone, trusting no oneanother(prenominal) lonely character on the ranch is Curleys wife. Despite the fact she has belatedly become married to Curley she is isolated on the ranch. Throughout the whole book she isnt allocated a name, making her out to be on of Curleys possessions like Curleys shoe or Curleys leg. She walks around the ranch heavily made up, with rouge lips and her hair in curls, dress to impress, apparently looking for Curley but she is just trying to get economic aid from the Ranch hands. As the only women on the ranch you would expect the men to be all over her but it is the exact opposite, in fact most of them dislike her, they call her jail bait, tart and some(prenominal) other offensive names because they think they se her giving them the eye. When Curleys wife speaks to Lenny in the barn she tells him all about how lonely she is, she saysWhy cant I talk to you? I never get to talk to nobody. I get awful lonely.Lenny said, Well, I aint supposed to talk to you or nothinI get lonely, she said. You can talk to people, but I cant talk to nobody but Curley. Else he gets mad. Howd you like not to talk to anybodyShe has probably great(p) up quite lonely and only married Curley to get away from home. She tries to get attention by dressing up but when she realises she wont get it she tries talking to Lenny because she knows he wont tell her to go away because she can out talk him. He is very simple and doesnt like confrontation. Both Curleys wife and Crooks use Lenny to talk to about their lonesomeness. It is quite ironic how Curleys wi fe worn out(p) all her time on the ranch look for attention but when she finally got it from request Lenny to touch her hair she didnt want it and its what led to her unfortunate death. As Curleys wife was the only woman on the ranch she represented the way women were treated during the degree in the same way Crooks was the only coloured man on the ranch.He represented the way an entire race was treated and felt during and before the depression. Crooks is the gamey stable buck, the book describes him as a proud aloof man, and his loneliness came out as anger. In chapter four he speaks to Lenny about how he feels. He is antiaircraft at first but shortly opens up and eventually becomes quite friendly. Hes very specific about his rights and shows this when Lenny says I seen your light. Crooks very sharply replies with Well I gotta right to have a light. The conversation between Lenny and Crooks spans over several pages but leads up to Crooks aspect thisA guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody. Dont make no difference who the guy is, longs hes with you. I tell ya, he cried. I tell ya a guy gets too lonely, an he gets sickHes beaming talking to Lenny because Lenny is simple. He wont offend him or tell other people what hes been speaking about and Crooks is adroit to have spoken to someone but when George gets back form town and finds Lenny in the room with Crooks, Crooks soon backs off and becomes defensive again.The other characters on the ranch, Carlson, Curley and Slim are probably lonely just as the rest but the book doesnt go into too much accompaniment about them but there is one part where a man named molecule finds a magazine article written by someone who apply to work on the ranch. He seems very proud of this and shows it off to Slim. It would appear Whit had started to become friends with this person before they left which would have been a real rarity for people on the ranchThere is a big part for loneliness in The Withered Arm too Thomas Hardy chooses to constantly switch your attention, by not concentrating on one characters lonely portrayal, but on three, this is of the main characters of Rhoda, Gertrude and the boy. The first three chapters are mainly focused on Rhoda and you instantly recognise how emotionally isolated she is, when the others chat to each other she doesnt join in, you see how she is different and lonely from the rest, although it doesnt help when they speak of Farmer Lodge.Since her affair with him she is outcast and although the other women recognise this, they dont receive her. The end of the story concludes Rhodas loneliness when still no one communicates with her even after the recent death of the son. Rhoda stick out only companion was her son. Much like Curleys wife in of mice and men her son doesnt have a name, he is known simply as the boy. The boy is also very isolated through no fault of his own. He is like a slave to his mother runway errands for her and acting like her spy this is show n very early on when she saysTheyve just been maxim down in Barton that your father brings his young wife home to-morrow, the woman observed. I shall want to send you for a a few(prenominal) things to market, and youll be pretty sure to meet em.Yes mother, said the boy. Is father married then?Yes. You can give her a look and tell me what shes like, if you do see her.Yes, mother.If shes dark or fair, and if shes tall as tall as IThe boy responds to Rhoda Brooks every command with yes mother, as if hed been trained that way. It reminds me slightly of the film psychotic person the way he lives with his mother and agrees with her every command. It is no fault of the boy that he is isolated but it is a guiltless example of the times and even nowadays in a sense, that the townspeople didnt want their children associating with him because if his background. It is quite ironic that the boy, who worn out(p) so much of his life alone, happened to be hung aloneThe other lonely character in The Withered Arm is Gertrude Lodge. After receiving the unfortunate curse of the withered arm her husband paid her no attention and she became rather isolated. After making the misstep with Rhoda Brook to see conjurer Trendle she also, due to what she saw there, stopped speaking with Rhoda. She spent her time waiting for conformation of a hanging so she could get her simple eye turned and go back to how things used to be. This is when she saysO, Lord, hang some guilty or innocent person soonIt is quite ironic that she should say this due to the fact she wanted someone to be hung so she could continue life the way she wanted it but it turned out to lead to her deathThomas Hardy used loneliness to reflect upon the times the book is set in by basing Gertrudes loneliness around superstition and witchcraft and Rhoda Brook and the boys loneliness around Rhodas affair with Farmer Lodge which at the time would have led to rejection from society.Hopefully in this hear I have explained how both stories reflect the times they were set in by pointing out the importance of dreams, loneliness, social class, relationships and role of women. I believe both authors used characters to get their point across about life and mentality at the time and made it clear without actually saying it how much things have changedTo conclude I would like to say how both stories are captivating and entertaining but also if you look at them closely enough they can be used as historical references into the way people lived and worked in the times they were set.